Linguistics
Reza Sahraee; Hossein Bazoubandi; Hamed Mowlaei Kuhbanani
Abstract
In order to strengthen the scientific register of Persian language, word selection for the scientific terms of foreign languages and accurate knowledge of word-formation mechanisms in this register and its capacities are of considerable importance. Few statistical and corpus-based researches have been ...
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In order to strengthen the scientific register of Persian language, word selection for the scientific terms of foreign languages and accurate knowledge of word-formation mechanisms in this register and its capacities are of considerable importance. Few statistical and corpus-based researches have been conducted on the word formation processes of the approved terms of the Academy of Persian Language and Literature. One of the fields not comprehensively addressed so far is the field of transportation within its four main fields. Therefore, the present research, using a descriptive-analytic method, is a comparative study of the word-formation processes of the approved terms of the Academy and their English equivalents in the four fields of transportation (intra-city road, marine, rail and air transport) in the first eight books, including 2929 Persian terms and 2929 English terms (5858 words in total). The results show the dominant word-formation processes in the Academy's words in the field of transportation are respectively compounding (11.77%), compound-derivative (6.69%) and derivation (4.06%). Also, less than one percent of the corpus is formed using other word-formation processes. Moreover, 73.36% of words are the result of syntactic structure and 3.14% are used as simple words. By contrast, the dominant word-formation processes of the English equivalents are respectively compound-derivative (39.56%), compounding (32.57%) and derivation (5.87%); Less than 5% of all English words are made by using the processes of abbreviation, clipping and blending. In addition, in English language, 10.03% of the data are syntactic structures and 2.7% of the words are simple words.
Hamed Mowlaei Kuhbanani; Ali Alizadeh; Shahla Sharifi
Abstract
Functional Discourse Grammar presented by Hengveld and Mackenzei (2008) as one of the newest Functional Grammar. This theory is mainly based on Dick’s Functional Grammar (1970s). According to Dick, every perfect Grammar should have Pragmatic, Psychological and Typological adequacy. FDG considers ...
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Functional Discourse Grammar presented by Hengveld and Mackenzei (2008) as one of the newest Functional Grammar. This theory is mainly based on Dick’s Functional Grammar (1970s). According to Dick, every perfect Grammar should have Pragmatic, Psychological and Typological adequacy. FDG considers a top-down procedures for making speech for the sake of psychological adequacy. For acquiring Pragmatic adequacy, Speech act is considered as the basic element of studying in this approach. Furthermore, In FDG, language is studied in four separated levels in a top-down manner. The order of levels reveals the governing notion of functional and pragmatic units on formal and syntactic ones. Furthermore, FDG introduces a new approach for constituent order which has 84 positions in contrast to Greenberg (1963) 6 positions theory. In this paper, the general principles of FDG and different steps for making speech act is presented by giving Persian examples. Alongside this presentation, some typological behavior of Persian based on FDG and analyzing some Persian grammatical and discoursal phenomenon are discussed.
